Saudi Arabia was the largest supplier to the main importing countries.
What this market covers
Baked loaves made from flour, water and yeast, sold fresh, packaged or frozen. Households, supermarkets and food service operators buy them.
Typical segments
- Packaged sliced bread
- Artisan bread
- Whole grain bread
- Frozen and part baked bread
Top importing countries
Customs import value under HS 190590 in each country's latest reported year (in brackets), USD million.
GCC and Africa
Import value by country group, latest reported year per country, USD million.
Source: UN Comtrade
Why this market is moving now
- Import value for the 11 countries reporting every year rose 49% from 2020 to 2025.
- EU exports of the matching CN code to the region rose 170% from 2020 to 2025.
- Demand is concentrated: one country took a large share of the region's reported imports.
About the data
Figures are customs import values (CIF, US dollars) that 19 countries reported to UN Comtrade for HS code 190590 (Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers' wares, whether or not containing cocoa;). Each country's latest reported year is used: Algeria 2024, Bahrain 2024, Cote d'Ivoire 2025, Egypt 2025, Ethiopia 2023, Ghana 2025, Israel 2025, Jordan 2024, Kenya 2025, Kuwait 2025, Morocco 2025, Nigeria 2025, Oman 2025, Qatar 2024, Saudi Arabia 2025, South Africa 2025, Tanzania 2025, Tunisia 2024, United Arab Emirates 2023.
South Africa reports import values FOB (free on board) rather than CIF.
Supplier figures add up the partner breakdown that the largest importing countries reported for their latest year. Partner areas that the reporters did not specify are left out of the list.
EU export figures are Eurostat Comext values in euros for CN code 19059030 (Bread, not containing added honey, eggs, cheese or fruit, whether or not containing in), the code used on the EU page for this market. Shares, changes and per-kilogram values are calculated from these figures. No figure on this page is a forecast.
Key figures
Each figure names the source it came from. Open the source list below to read the quoted line.
| Figure | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Customs data from 19 Middle East and Africa countries shows imports of $1.59 billion under HS code 190590 (Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers' wares, whether or not containing cocoa;) in their latest year with data (2025 for 12 countries, 2024 for 5 and 2023 for 2). | 1.59 USD billion | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| Imports under HS 190590 by the 11 countries that reported every year from 2020 to 2025 were up 49% in 2025 compared with 2020, from $654.8 million to $973.4 million, calculated from UN Comtrade values. | +49 % since 2020 | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| The United Arab Emirates was the largest importer among the countries covered, with $415.4 million in 2023, or 26% of the total. | 415.4 USD million | 2023 | UN Comtrade |
| Saudi Arabia followed with $380.1 million in 2025. | 380.1 USD million | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| The six GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) countries accounted for $1.22 billion, or 77% of the total, in their latest reported years. | 1.22 USD billion | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| The 11 African countries with data accounted for $182.6 million, or 11% of the total. | 182.6 USD million | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| Saudi Arabia was the largest supplier to the 6 largest importing countries in the region, which took 83% of its reported imports, with $168.6 million, or 13% of their imports under HS 190590 (partner data for each country's latest year). | 168.6 USD million | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| The average import value under HS 190590 was $3.94 per kilogram across the 17 countries that reported net weight, calculated from UN Comtrade value and weight. | 3.94 USD per kg | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| EU exports of CN 19059030 (Bread, not containing added honey, eggs, cheese or fruit, whether or not containing in) to the 18 Middle East and Africa countries covered were worth €25.7 million in 2025. | 25.7 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 19059030 to these countries were up 170% in 2025 compared with 2020, when they were €9.5 million, calculated from Eurostat values. | +170 % since 2020 | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Israel was the largest of these destinations for EU exports of CN 19059030 in 2025, at €9.4 million. | 9.4 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
Sources and method
The figures on this page come from the public sources listed below. Read how we work.
- UN Comtrade: UN Comtrade database, annual imports by HS code (public preview API) (2026-11-06)
Quoted lines
- Figure 1
cmdCode=190590 flowCode=M partnerCode=0 primaryValue: ARE2023=415430392; BHR2024=60530862; CIV2025=5102651; DZA2024=5339; EGY2025=8881826; ETH2023=795475; GHA2025=2066290; ISR2025=146712000; JOR2024=37516812; KEN2025=3566609; KWT2025=154696812; MAR2025=105471160; NGA2025=6875859; OMN2025=116247074; QAT2024=94226691; SAU2025=380064790; TUN2024=4081104; TZA2025=1550389; ZAF2025=44204496; sum=1588026631 (shown as 1.59 USD billion)
- Figure 2
cmdCode 190590, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, sum of primaryValue for CIV EGY ISR KEN KWT MAR NGA OMN SAU TZA ZAF: 2020 = 654807825; 2025 = 973373667; change +49%
- Figure 4
reporterCode 682, period 2025, cmdCode 190590, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, primaryValue 380064790 (shown as 380.1 USD million)
- Figure 5
cmdCode 190590, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, sum of primaryValue for ARE BHR KWT OMN QAT SAU = 1221196621; share 77%
- Figure 6
cmdCode 190590, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, sum of primaryValue for CIV DZA EGY ETH GHA KEN MAR NGA TUN TZA ZAF = 182601199; share 11%
- Figure 8
cmdCode 190590, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, sum of primaryValue 1580857690 / sum of netWgt 401114324 kg = 3.94 USD per kg
- Figure 1
- UN Comtrade: UN Comtrade database, annual imports by HS code (public preview API) (2026-11-06)
Quoted lines
- Figure 3
reporterCode 784, period 2023, cmdCode 190590, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, primaryValue 415430392; share of 1588026631 = 26%
- Figure 3
- UN Comtrade: UN Comtrade database, annual imports by HS code (public preview API) (2026-11-06)
Quoted lines
- Figure 7
cmdCode 190590, flowCode M, partnerCode 682, primaryValue summed over reporters = 168624013; world 1318622228; share 13%
- Figure 7
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-06)
Quoted lines
- Figure 9
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 19059030, flow export, VALUE_IN_EUROS, 2025: AE=4501628; BH=97355; CI=317621; DZ=79405; EG=81283; ET=41; GH=416771; IL=9350678; JO=1557896; KE=14824; KW=257635; MA=906006; NG=37549; OM=128321; QA=598881; SA=6229803; TN=366128; ZA=795040; sum 25736865
- Figure 10
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 19059030, flow export, VALUE_IN_EUROS, sum over the same partners: 2020 = 9525279; 2025 = 25736865; change +170%
- Figure 11
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 19059030, partner IL, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 9350678 (shown as 9.4 EUR million)
- Figure 9
Buyers and suppliers
Who buys
- Supermarkets
- Food service operators
- Households
Large suppliers to the countries covered
EU exports to the largest destinations in the region, 2025
Eurostat Comext, CN 19059030, EUR million.
What the full report covers
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the Middle East and Africa market - 03Market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 05Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 06Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 07Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 08Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 09Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 10Method and sources
Every assumption and source, listed
Included with the full report
- PDF report, 40 to 60 pages
- Excel data pack
- Ready-to-use charts
- Method note and assumptions
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Frequently asked questions
How big is the Middle East and Africa bread market?
There is no single official market total. Customs data reported to UN Comtrade shows imports of $1.59 billion under HS code 190590 by 19 countries in the region, using the latest year each one reported.
Which Middle East and Africa countries import the most bread?
The United Arab Emirates was the largest importer, followed by Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.
Where does the Middle East and Africa import bread from?
Saudi Arabia was the largest supplier to the largest importing countries in the region. Other large suppliers included Poland, the United States and Spain.
How do GCC and African imports of bread compare?
The GCC countries with data took $1.22 billion, or 77% of the total, and the African countries with data took $182.6 million, or 11%, each in its latest reported year.
How much bread does the EU export to the Middle East and Africa?
Eurostat shows EU exports of CN 19059030 to the countries covered of €25.7 million in 2025. Israel was the largest destination.
What is the average import price of bread in the Middle East and Africa?
Dividing UN Comtrade import value by net weight gives about $3.94 per kilogram for HS 190590, across the countries that reported weight.
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