The Netherlands was the largest supplier to the main importing countries.
What this market covers
Living microbes or organic products added to soil or seed to supply nutrients to crops. Buyers are farms, growers and fertiliser distributors.
Typical segments
- Nitrogen fixing bacteria
- Phosphate solubilising microbes
- Mycorrhizal products
- Organic compost products
Top importing countries
Customs import value under HS 310100 in each country's latest reported year (in brackets), USD million.
GCC and Africa
Import value by country group, latest reported year per country, USD million.
Source: UN Comtrade
Why this market is moving now
- Import value for the 10 countries reporting every year fell 5% from 2020 to 2025.
- EU exports of the matching CN code to the region rose 154% from 2020 to 2025.
- Demand is concentrated: one country took a large share of the region's reported imports.
About the data
Figures are customs import values (CIF, US dollars) that 19 countries reported to UN Comtrade for HS code 310100 (Animal or vegetable fertilisers, whether or not mixed together or chemically treated;). Each country's latest reported year is used: Algeria 2024, Bahrain 2024, Cote d'Ivoire 2025, Egypt 2025, Ethiopia 2023, Ghana 2025, Israel 2025, Jordan 2024, Kenya 2025, Kuwait 2025, Morocco 2025, Nigeria 2025, Oman 2025, Qatar 2024, Saudi Arabia 2025, South Africa 2025, Tanzania 2025, Tunisia 2024, United Arab Emirates 2023.
South Africa reports import values FOB (free on board) rather than CIF.
Supplier figures add up the partner breakdown that the largest importing countries reported for their latest year. Partner areas that the reporters did not specify are left out of the list.
EU export figures are Eurostat Comext values in euros for CN code 31010000 (Animal or vegetable fertilisers, whether or not mixed together or chemically treated;), the code used on the EU page for this market. Shares, changes and per-kilogram values are calculated from these figures. No figure on this page is a forecast.
Key figures
Each figure names the source it came from. Open the source list below to read the quoted line.
| Figure | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Customs data from 19 Middle East and Africa countries shows imports of $41.9 million under HS code 310100 (Animal or vegetable fertilisers, whether or not mixed together or chemically treated;) in their latest year with data (2025 for 12 countries, 2024 for 5 and 2023 for 2). | 41.9 USD million | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| Imports under HS 310100 by the 10 countries that reported every year from 2020 to 2025 were down 5% in 2025 compared with 2020, from $23.0 million to $21.9 million, calculated from UN Comtrade values. | -5 % since 2020 | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| Ghana was the largest importer among the countries covered, with $9.2 million in 2025, or 22% of the total. | 9.2 USD million | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| Saudi Arabia followed with $9.0 million in 2025. | 9.0 USD million | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| The six GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) countries accounted for $17.9 million, or 43% of the total, in their latest reported years. | 17.9 USD million | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| The 11 African countries with data accounted for $19.9 million, or 48% of the total. | 19.9 USD million | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| The Netherlands was the largest supplier to the 7 largest importing countries in the region, which took 83% of its reported imports, with $8.8 million, or 25% of their imports under HS 310100 (partner data for each country's latest year). | 8.8 USD million | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| The average import value under HS 310100 was $0.54 per kilogram across the 17 countries that reported net weight, calculated from UN Comtrade value and weight. | 0.54 USD per kg | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| EU exports of CN 31010000 (Animal or vegetable fertilisers, whether or not mixed together or chemically treated;) to the 19 Middle East and Africa countries covered were worth €35.0 million in 2025. | 35.0 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 31010000 to these countries were up 154% in 2025 compared with 2020, when they were €13.8 million, calculated from Eurostat values. | +154 % since 2020 | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Algeria was the largest of these destinations for EU exports of CN 31010000 in 2025, at €9.4 million. | 9.4 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
Sources and method
The figures on this page come from the public sources listed below. Read how we work.
- UN Comtrade: UN Comtrade database, annual imports by HS code (public preview API) (2026-11-06)
Quoted lines
- Figure 1
cmdCode=310100 flowCode=M partnerCode=0 primaryValue: ARE2023=5401170; BHR2024=375452; CIV2025=2126554; DZA2024=2291005; EGY2025=3571; ETH2023=381272; GHA2025=9168494; ISR2025=3247000; JOR2024=837198; KEN2025=547020; KWT2025=408530; MAR2025=254751; NGA2025=633086; OMN2025=2296850; QAT2024=369969; SAU2025=8998611; TUN2024=1104746; TZA2025=131200; ZAF2025=3283602; sum=41860082 (shown as 41.9 USD million)
- Figure 2
cmdCode 310100, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, sum of primaryValue for CIV ISR KEN KWT MAR NGA OMN SAU TZA ZAF: 2020 = 22982727; 2025 = 21927205; change -5%
- Figure 3
reporterCode 288, period 2025, cmdCode 310100, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, primaryValue 9168494; share of 41860082 = 22% (shown as 9.2 USD million)
- Figure 4
reporterCode 682, period 2025, cmdCode 310100, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, primaryValue 8998611 (shown as 9.0 USD million)
- Figure 5
cmdCode 310100, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, sum of primaryValue for ARE BHR KWT OMN QAT SAU = 17850583; share 43% (shown as 17.9 USD million)
- Figure 6
cmdCode 310100, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, sum of primaryValue for CIV DZA EGY ETH GHA KEN MAR NGA TUN TZA ZAF = 19925301; share 48%
- Figure 8
cmdCode 310100, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, sum of primaryValue 38464331 / sum of netWgt 71234975 kg = 0.54 USD per kg
- Figure 1
- UN Comtrade: UN Comtrade database, annual imports by HS code (public preview API) (2026-11-06)
Quoted lines
- Figure 7
cmdCode 310100, flowCode M, partnerCode 528, primaryValue summed over reporters = 8778602; world 34686733; share 25%
- Figure 7
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-06)
Quoted lines
- Figure 9
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 31010000, flow export, VALUE_IN_EUROS, 2025: AE=3407919; BH=7112; CI=1593138; DZ=9388745; EG=2144295; ET=79885; GH=3561242; IL=1956267; JO=470179; KE=1050482; KW=66936; MA=2526431; NG=1555322; OM=312236; QA=399861; SA=2676411; TN=2234868; TZ=50579; ZA=1560833; sum 35042741
- Figure 10
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 31010000, flow export, VALUE_IN_EUROS, sum over the same partners: 2020 = 13795854; 2025 = 35042741; change +154%
- Figure 11
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 31010000, partner DZ, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 9388745 (shown as 9.4 EUR million)
- Figure 9
Buyers and suppliers
Who buys
- Farms
- Horticulture growers
- Fertiliser distributors
Large suppliers to the countries covered
EU exports to the largest destinations in the region, 2025
Eurostat Comext, CN 31010000, EUR million.
What the full report covers
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the Middle East and Africa market - 03Market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 05Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 06Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 07Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 08Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 09Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 10Method and sources
Every assumption and source, listed
Included with the full report
- PDF report, 40 to 60 pages
- Excel data pack
- Ready-to-use charts
- Method note and assumptions
- Written to order in 5 working days
Frequently asked questions
How big is the Middle East and Africa biofertilizer market?
There is no single official market total. Customs data reported to UN Comtrade shows imports of $41.9 million under HS code 310100 by 19 countries in the region, using the latest year each one reported.
Which Middle East and Africa countries import the most biofertilizer?
Ghana was the largest importer, followed by Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.
Where does the Middle East and Africa import biofertilizer from?
The Netherlands was the largest supplier to the largest importing countries in the region. Other large suppliers included France, Portugal and China.
How do GCC and African imports of biofertilizer compare?
The GCC countries with data took $17.9 million, or 43% of the total, and the African countries with data took $19.9 million, or 48%, each in its latest reported year.
How much biofertilizer does the EU export to the Middle East and Africa?
Eurostat shows EU exports of CN 31010000 to the countries covered of €35.0 million in 2025. Algeria was the largest destination.
What is the average import price of biofertilizer in the Middle East and Africa?
Dividing UN Comtrade import value by net weight gives about $0.54 per kilogram for HS 310100, across the countries that reported weight.
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