Trinidad and Tobago was the largest supplier to the main importing countries.
What this market covers
A basic chemical made from hydrogen and nitrogen, used mostly for fertilizer and also in refrigeration, cleaning and industrial processes. It is explored as a carrier for low carbon hydrogen.
Typical segments
- Anhydrous ammonia
- Aqueous ammonia
- Green ammonia
- Refrigeration grade
Top importing countries
Customs import value under HS 281410 in each country's latest reported year (in brackets), USD million.
GCC and Africa
Import value by country group, latest reported year per country, USD million.
Source: UN Comtrade
Why this market is moving now
- Import value for the 9 countries reporting every year rose 285% from 2020 to 2025.
- EU exports of the matching CN code to the region rose 660% from 2020 to 2025.
- Demand is concentrated: one country took a large share of the region's reported imports.
About the data
Figures are customs import values (CIF, US dollars) that 18 countries reported to UN Comtrade for HS code 281410 (Anhydrous ammonia). Each country's latest reported year is used: Bahrain 2024, Cote d'Ivoire 2025, Egypt 2025, Ethiopia 2023, Ghana 2025, Israel 2025, Jordan 2024, Kenya 2025, Kuwait 2025, Morocco 2025, Nigeria 2025, Oman 2025, Qatar 2024, Saudi Arabia 2025, South Africa 2025, Tanzania 2025, Tunisia 2024, United Arab Emirates 2023.
No import data for this code was available from Algeria.
South Africa reports import values FOB (free on board) rather than CIF.
Supplier figures add up the partner breakdown that the largest importing countries reported for their latest year. Partner areas that the reporters did not specify are left out of the list.
EU export figures are Eurostat Comext values in euros for CN code 28141000 (Anhydrous ammonia), the code used on the EU page for this market. Shares, changes and per-kilogram values are calculated from these figures. No figure on this page is a forecast.
Key figures
Each figure names the source it came from. Open the source list below to read the quoted line.
| Figure | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Customs data from 18 Middle East and Africa countries shows imports of $2.02 billion under HS code 281410 (Anhydrous ammonia) in their latest year with data (2025 for 12 countries, 2024 for 4 and 2023 for 2). | 2.02 USD billion | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| Imports under HS 281410 by the 9 countries that reported every year from 2020 to 2025 were up 285% in 2025 compared with 2020, from $476.5 million to $1.84 billion, calculated from UN Comtrade values. | +285 % since 2020 | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| Morocco was the largest importer among the countries covered, with $1.71 billion in 2025, or 84% of the total. | 1.71 USD billion | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| Jordan followed with $113.8 million in 2024. | 113.8 USD million | 2024 | UN Comtrade |
| The six GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) countries accounted for $3.0 million, or 0% of the total, in their latest reported years. | 3.0 USD million | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| The 10 African countries with data accounted for $1.85 billion, or 91% of the total. | 1.85 USD billion | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| Trinidad and Tobago was the largest supplier to the 3 largest importing countries in the region, which took 93% of its reported imports, with $466.6 million, or 25% of their imports under HS 281410 (partner data for each country's latest year). | 466.6 USD million | 2025 | UN Comtrade |
| EU exports of CN 28141000 (Anhydrous ammonia) to the 6 Middle East and Africa countries covered were worth €2.4 million in 2025. | 2.4 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 28141000 to these countries were up 660% in 2025 compared with 2020, when they were €316 thousand, calculated from Eurostat values. | +660 % since 2020 | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Israel was the largest of these destinations for EU exports of CN 28141000 in 2025, at €2.1 million. | 2.1 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
Sources and method
The figures on this page come from the public sources listed below. Read how we work.
- UN Comtrade: UN Comtrade database, annual imports by HS code (public preview API) (2026-11-06)
Quoted lines
- Figure 1
cmdCode=281410 flowCode=M partnerCode=0 primaryValue: ARE2023=463657; BHR2024=137909; CIV2025=130659; EGY2025=11696076; ETH2023=127868; GHA2025=108511; ISR2025=57465000; JOR2024=113805513; KEN2025=91055; KWT2025=98154; MAR2025=1707704660; NGA2025=28927; OMN2025=137748; QAT2024=30262; SAU2025=2151489; TUN2024=60589912; TZA2025=136739; ZAF2025=68739830; sum=2023643968
- Figure 2
cmdCode 281410, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, sum of primaryValue for CIV ISR KEN KWT MAR OMN SAU TZA ZAF: 2020 = 476519182; 2025 = 1836655334; change +285%
- Figure 3
reporterCode 504, period 2025, cmdCode 281410, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, primaryValue 1707704660; share of 2023643968 = 84% (shown as 1.71 USD billion)
- Figure 5
cmdCode 281410, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, sum of primaryValue for ARE BHR KWT OMN QAT SAU = 3019219; share 0%
- Figure 6
cmdCode 281410, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, sum of primaryValue for CIV EGY ETH GHA KEN MAR NGA TUN TZA ZAF = 1849354237; share 91% (shown as 1.85 USD billion)
- Figure 1
- UN Comtrade: UN Comtrade database, annual imports by HS code (public preview API) (2026-11-06)
Quoted lines
- Figure 4
reporterCode 400, period 2024, cmdCode 281410, flowCode M, partnerCode 0, primaryValue 113805513
- Figure 4
- UN Comtrade: UN Comtrade database, annual imports by HS code (public preview API) (2026-11-06)
Quoted lines
- Figure 7
cmdCode 281410, flowCode M, partnerCode 780, primaryValue summed over reporters = 466555164; world 1890250003; share 25% (shown as 466.6 USD million)
- Figure 7
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-06)
Quoted lines
- Figure 8
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 28141000, flow export, VALUE_IN_EUROS, 2025: AE=506; CI=109607; DZ=34569; GH=84893; IL=2103490; MA=69162; sum 2402227
- Figure 9
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 28141000, flow export, VALUE_IN_EUROS, sum over the same partners: 2020 = 315897; 2025 = 2402227; change +660%
- Figure 10
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 28141000, partner IL, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 2103490
- Figure 8
Buyers and suppliers
Who buys
- Fertilizer makers
- Chemical manufacturers
- Refrigeration operators
Large suppliers to the countries covered
EU exports to the largest destinations in the region, 2025
Eurostat Comext, CN 28141000, EUR million.
What the full report covers
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the Middle East and Africa market - 03Market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 05Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 06Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 07Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 08Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 09Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 10Method and sources
Every assumption and source, listed
Included with the full report
- PDF report, 40 to 60 pages
- Excel data pack
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- Method note and assumptions
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Frequently asked questions
How big is the Middle East and Africa ammonia market?
There is no single official market total. Customs data reported to UN Comtrade shows imports of $2.02 billion under HS code 281410 by 18 countries in the region, using the latest year each one reported.
Which Middle East and Africa countries import the most ammonia?
Morocco was the largest importer, followed by Jordan and South Africa.
Where does the Middle East and Africa import ammonia from?
Trinidad and Tobago was the largest supplier to the largest importing countries in the region. Other large suppliers included the United States, Saudi Arabia and Libya.
How do GCC and African imports of ammonia compare?
The GCC countries with data took $3.0 million, or 0% of the total, and the African countries with data took $1.85 billion, or 91%, each in its latest reported year.
How much ammonia does the EU export to the Middle East and Africa?
Eurostat shows EU exports of CN 28141000 to the countries covered of €2.4 million in 2025. Israel was the largest destination.
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