In the US, the core industry (Air-conditioning and warm air heating equipment and commercial and industrial refrigeration equipment manufacturing) had 1,617 establishments in 2025.
What this market covers
Tanks, pumps, valves, heat exchangers and plants that store and move gases cooled to liquid form. Industrial gas firms, LNG operators, hospitals and laboratories buy them.
Typical segments
- Storage tanks
- Transfer lines
- Cryogenic pumps
- Vaporizers
- Liquefaction plants
Source: Eurostat
Why this market is moving now
- Extra-EU import value rose 251% from 2020 to 2025, a direct read on EU demand for sourced supply.
Key figures
Each figure names the source it came from. Open the source list below to read the quoted line.
| Figure | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| The EU imported €99.9 million of products under CN code 841960 (Machinery for liquefying air or other gases) from outside the EU in 2025. | 99.9 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Extra-EU imports of CN 841960 were up 251% in 2025 compared with 2020 (€28.5 million), calculated from Eurostat values. | +251 % since 2020 | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 841960 to countries outside the EU were worth €312.9 million in 2025. | 312.9 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Trade between EU member states in CN 841960 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €85.5 million in 2025. | 85.5 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 841960 to the United States were €54.6 million in 2025. | 54.6 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The average value of extra-EU imports of CN 841960 was €21.13 per kilogram in 2025, calculated from Eurostat value and weight. | 21.13 EUR per kg | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Italy was the largest EU exporter of CN 841960 to non-EU countries in 2025, at €161.4 million. | 161.4 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The EU had 7,055 enterprises in NACE class C2825 (Manufacture of non-domestic cooling and ventilation equipment) in 2023. | 7,055 enterprises | 2023 | Eurostat |
| EU enterprises in NACE class C2825 had net turnover of €66.00 billion in 2023. | 66.00 EUR billion | 2023 | Eurostat |
| NACE class C2825 employed 240,000 people across the EU in 2023. | 240,000 persons employed | 2023 | Eurostat |
| The US had 1,617 private establishments in NAICS 333415 (Air-conditioning and warm air heating equipment and commercial and industrial refrigeration equipment manufacturing) in 2025. | 1,617 establishments | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| NAICS 333415 employed an average of 101,182 people in US private industry in 2025. | 101,182 jobs | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| US employment in NAICS 333415 changed by +14% between 2020 (88,421 jobs) and 2025, calculated from BLS figures. | +14 % since 2020 | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| Average annual pay in US NAICS 333415 was $75,703 in 2025. | 75,703 USD per year | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
Sources and method
The figures on this page come from the public sources listed below. Read how we work.
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 1
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 841960, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 99894558
- Figure 2
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 841960, flow import, 2020 VALUE_IN_EUROS 28499155; 2025 VALUE_IN_EUROS 99894558
- Figure 3
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 841960, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 312872936
- Figure 4
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 841960, partner INT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 85520311
- Figure 5
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 841960, partner US, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 54602788
- Figure 6
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 841960, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 99894558, QUANTITY_IN_100KG 47284
- Figure 1
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 7
DS-045409, reporter IT, product 841960, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 161360785
- Figure 7
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 8
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2825, indic_sbs ENT_NR, 2023, 7055
- Figure 9
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2825, indic_sbs NETTUR_MEUR, 2023, 66000
- Figure 10
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2825, indic_sbs EMP_NR, 2023, 240000
- Figure 8
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 333415, 2025 (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 11
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 333415, annual_avg_estabs 1617
- Figure 12
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 333415, annual_avg_emplvl 101182
- Figure 13
QCEW 2020 annual_avg_emplvl 88421; 2025 annual_avg_emplvl 101182
- Figure 14
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 333415, avg_annual_pay 75703
- Figure 11
Buyers and suppliers
Who buys
- Industrial gas producers
- LNG terminal operators
- Hospitals and laboratories
What the full report covers
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the European Union market - 03Market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 05Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 06Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 07Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 08Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 09Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 10Method and sources
Every assumption and source, listed
Included with the full report
- PDF report, 40 to 60 pages
- Excel data pack
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- Method note and assumptions
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Frequently asked questions
How big is the EU cryogenic equipment market?
There is no single official market total. Eurostat trade data shows the EU imported €99.9 million of goods under CN 841960 from outside the EU in 2025 and exported €312.9 million.
What is the average import price of cryogenic equipment in the EU?
Dividing Eurostat import value by weight gives about €21.13 per kilogram for CN 841960 in 2025.
Which EU countries export the most cryogenic equipment?
Italy led EU exports to non-EU countries in 2025, followed by France, Netherlands.
How many US companies are in the cryogenic equipment industry?
BLS counts 1,617 private establishments in NAICS 333415 (Air-conditioning and warm air heating equipment and commercial and industrial refrigeration equipment manufacturing), the closest official industry.
How many EU companies are in the cryogenic equipment industry?
Eurostat counts 7,055 enterprises in NACE class C2825 (Manufacture of non-domestic cooling and ventilation equipment).
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