Kazakhstan was the largest outside supplier.
What this market covers
Seed grain eaten as groats, flour and noodles and valued as a gluten free option. Households, food makers and health food retailers buy it.
Typical segments
- Whole groats
- Buckwheat flour
- Soba noodles
- Roasted kasha
Source: Eurostat
Why this market is moving now
- Extra-EU import value rose 15% from 2020 to 2025, a direct read on EU demand for sourced supply.
- Supply is concentrated: one country provided a large share of extra-EU imports in 2025.
Key figures
Each figure names the source it came from. Open the source list below to read the quoted line.
| Figure | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| The EU imported €9.7 million of products under CN code 10081000 (Buckwheat) from outside the EU in 2025. | 9.7 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Extra-EU imports of CN 10081000 were up 15% in 2025 compared with 2020 (€8.5 million), calculated from Eurostat values. | +15 % since 2020 | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 10081000 to countries outside the EU were worth €2.4 million in 2025. | 2.4 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Trade between EU member states in CN 10081000 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €43.1 million in 2025. | 43.1 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Kazakhstan was the largest non-EU supplier of CN 10081000 to the EU in 2025, with €4.5 million, or 46% of extra-EU imports. | 4.5 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 10081000 to the United States were €55 thousand in 2025. | 55 EUR thousand | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The average value of extra-EU imports of CN 10081000 was €0.40 per kilogram in 2025, calculated from Eurostat value and weight. | 0.40 EUR per kg | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Germany was the largest EU exporter of CN 10081000 to non-EU countries in 2025, at €716 thousand. | 716 EUR thousand | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The EU had 5,720 enterprises in NACE class C1061 (Manufacture of grain mill products) in 2022. | 5,720 enterprises | 2022 | Eurostat |
| EU enterprises in NACE class C1061 had net turnover of €43.61 billion in 2023. | 43.61 EUR billion | 2023 | Eurostat |
| NACE class C1061 employed 85,189 people across the EU in 2023. | 85,189 persons employed | 2023 | Eurostat |
| The US had 393 private establishments in NAICS 311211 (Flour milling) in 2025. | 393 establishments | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| NAICS 311211 employed an average of 14,886 people in US private industry in 2025. | 14,886 jobs | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| US employment in NAICS 311211 changed by +4% between 2020 (14,356 jobs) and 2025, calculated from BLS figures. | +4 % since 2020 | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| Average annual pay in US NAICS 311211 was $87,313 in 2025. | 87,313 USD per year | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
Sources and method
The figures on this page come from the public sources listed below. Read how we work.
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 1
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 10081000, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 9745898
- Figure 2
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 10081000, flow import, 2020 VALUE_IN_EUROS 8508503; 2025 VALUE_IN_EUROS 9745898
- Figure 3
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 10081000, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 2356360
- Figure 4
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 10081000, partner INT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 43111513
- Figure 5
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 10081000, partner KZ, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 4499323
- Figure 6
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 10081000, partner US, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 55107
- Figure 7
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 10081000, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 9745898, QUANTITY_IN_100KG 244024
- Figure 1
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 8
DS-045409, reporter DE, product 10081000, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 716410
- Figure 8
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 9
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C1061, indic_sbs ENT_NR, 2022, 5720
- Figure 10
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C1061, indic_sbs NETTUR_MEUR, 2023, 43614
- Figure 11
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C1061, indic_sbs EMP_NR, 2023, 85189
- Figure 9
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 311211, 2025 (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 12
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 311211, annual_avg_estabs 393
- Figure 13
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 311211, annual_avg_emplvl 14886
- Figure 14
QCEW 2020 annual_avg_emplvl 14356; 2025 annual_avg_emplvl 14886
- Figure 15
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 311211, avg_annual_pay 87313
- Figure 12
Buyers and suppliers
Who buys
- Households
- Food manufacturers
- Health food retailers
Large non-EU suppliers to the EU
What the full report covers
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the European Union market - 03Market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 05Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 06Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 07Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 08Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 09Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 10Method and sources
Every assumption and source, listed
Included with the full report
- PDF report, 40 to 60 pages
- Excel data pack
- Ready-to-use charts
- Method note and assumptions
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Frequently asked questions
How big is the EU buckwheat market?
There is no single official market total. Eurostat trade data shows the EU imported €9.7 million of goods under CN 10081000 from outside the EU in 2025 and exported €2.4 million.
Where does the EU import buckwheat from?
Kazakhstan was the largest non-EU supplier in 2025. Other large suppliers included United Kingdom, Russian Federation, China.
What is the average import price of buckwheat in the EU?
Dividing Eurostat import value by weight gives about €0.40 per kilogram for CN 10081000 in 2025.
Which EU countries export the most buckwheat?
Germany led EU exports to non-EU countries in 2025, followed by Lithuania, Poland.
How many US companies are in the buckwheat industry?
BLS counts 393 private establishments in NAICS 311211 (Flour milling), the closest official industry.
How many EU companies are in the buckwheat industry?
Eurostat counts 5,720 enterprises in NACE class C1061 (Manufacture of grain mill products).
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