What this market covers
Pressure vessels that heat water or make steam for buildings, factories and power plants. Buyers are industrial plants, utilities and building owners.
Typical segments
- Steam boilers
- Hot water boilers
- Condensing boilers
- Biomass boilers
- Waste heat boilers
Source: Eurostat
Why this market is moving now
- Extra-EU import value moved +6% from 2020 to 2025, a direct read on EU demand for sourced supply.
- Supply is concentrated: one country provided a large share of extra-EU imports in 2025.
- US employment in the core industry shifted +20% since 2020.
Key figures
Each figure names the source it came from. Open the source list below to read the quoted line.
| Figure | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| The EU imported €10.5 million of products under CN code 84021100 (Watertube boilers with a steam production > 45 t/hour) from outside the EU in 2025. | 10.5 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Extra-EU imports of CN 84021100 were up 6% in 2025 compared with 2020 (€9.9 million), calculated from Eurostat values. | +6 % change | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 84021100 to countries outside the EU were worth €36.0 million in 2025. | 36.0 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Trade between EU member states in CN 84021100 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €18.7 million in 2025. | 18.7 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Canada was the largest non-EU supplier of CN 84021100 to the EU in 2025, with €6.8 million, or 65% of extra-EU imports. | 6.8 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 84021100 to the United States were €119 thousand in 2025. | 119 EUR thousand | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The average value of extra-EU imports of CN 84021100 was €12.58 per kilogram in 2025, calculated from Eurostat value and weight. | 12.58 EUR per kg | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Italy was the largest EU exporter of CN 84021100 to non-EU countries in 2025, at €17.9 million. | 17.9 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The EU had 653 enterprises in NACE class C2530 (Manufacture of steam generators, except central heating hot water boilers) in 2023. | 653 enterprises | 2023 | Eurostat |
| EU enterprises in NACE class C2530 had net turnover of €4.06 billion in 2023. | 4.06 EUR billion | 2023 | Eurostat |
| NACE class C2530 employed 20,013 people across the EU in 2022. | 20,013 persons employed | 2022 | Eurostat |
| The US had 432 private establishments in NAICS 332410 (Power boiler and heat exchanger manufacturing) in 2025. | 432 establishments | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| NAICS 332410 employed an average of 23,352 people in US private industry in 2025. | 23,352 jobs | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| US employment in NAICS 332410 changed by +20% between 2020 (19,381 jobs) and 2025, calculated from BLS figures. | +20 % change | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| Average annual pay in US NAICS 332410 was $90,584 in 2025. | 90,584 USD per year | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
Sources and method
The figures on this page come from the public sources listed below. Read how we work.
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 1
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84021100, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 10470461
- Figure 2
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84021100, flow import, 2020 VALUE_IN_EUROS 9860680; 2025 VALUE_IN_EUROS 10470461
- Figure 3
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84021100, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 36037122
- Figure 4
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84021100, partner INT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 18660098
- Figure 5
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84021100, partner CA, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 6769352
- Figure 6
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84021100, partner US, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 118734
- Figure 7
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84021100, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 10470461, QUANTITY_IN_100KG 8323
- Figure 1
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 8
DS-045409, reporter IT, product 84021100, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 17859671
- Figure 8
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 9
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2530, indic_sbs ENT_NR, 2023, 653
- Figure 10
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2530, indic_sbs NETTUR_MEUR, 2023, 4059
- Figure 11
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2530, indic_sbs EMP_NR, 2022, 20013
- Figure 9
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 332410, 2025 (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 12
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 332410, annual_avg_estabs 432
- Figure 13
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 332410, annual_avg_emplvl 23352
- Figure 14
QCEW 2020 annual_avg_emplvl 19381; 2025 annual_avg_emplvl 23352
- Figure 15
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 332410, avg_annual_pay 90584
- Figure 12
Buyers and suppliers
Who buys
- Industrial plants
- Utilities
- Building owners
Large non-EU suppliers to the EU
What the full report covers
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the European Union market - 03Market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 05Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 06Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 07Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 08Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 09Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 10Method and sources
Every assumption and source, listed
Included with the full report
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- Excel data pack
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- Method note and assumptions
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Frequently asked questions
How big is the EU boiler market?
There is no single official market total. Eurostat trade data shows the EU imported €10.5 million of goods under CN 84021100 from outside the EU in 2025 and exported €36.0 million.
Where does the EU import boiler from?
Canada was the largest non-EU supplier in 2025. Other large suppliers included China, Türkiye, United Kingdom.
What is the average import price of boiler in the EU?
Dividing Eurostat import value by weight gives about €12.58 per kilogram for CN 84021100 in 2025.
Which EU countries export the most boiler?
Italy led EU exports to non-EU countries in 2025, followed by Finland, Romania.
How many US companies are in the boiler industry?
BLS counts 432 private establishments in NAICS 332410 (Power boiler and heat exchanger manufacturing), the closest official industry.
How many EU companies are in the boiler industry?
Eurostat counts 653 enterprises in NACE class C2530 (Manufacture of steam generators, except central heating hot water boilers).
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