+13 % change
Extra-EU imports of CN 44029000 were up 13% in 2025 compared with 2020 (€257.6 million), calculated from Eurostat values.
Eurostat38.3 EUR million
EU exports of CN 44029000 to countries outside the EU were worth €38.3 million in 2025.
Eurostat173.5 EUR million
Trade between EU member states in CN 44029000 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €173.5 million in 2025.
EurostatSource: Eurostat
Why this market is moving now
- Extra-EU import value moved +13% from 2020 to 2025, a direct read on EU demand for sourced supply.
- Supply is concentrated: one country provided a large share of extra-EU imports in 2025.
- US employment in the core industry shifted -4% since 2020.
What this market covers
Charcoal like material made by heating biomass without oxygen, used to improve soil and filter water. Buyers are farms, landscapers and carbon project developers.
Typical segments
- Agricultural soil biochar
- Filtration biochar
- Livestock feed biochar
- Construction material biochar
Who buys
- Farms
- Landscapers
- Carbon project developers
Largest non-EU suppliers to the EU
| Country | Import value |
|---|---|
| Ukraine | 68.2 EUR million |
| Namibia | 66.2 EUR million |
| Cuba | 35.4 EUR million |
| Nigeria | 25.7 EUR million |
| Indonesia | 21.1 EUR million |
| Paraguay | 16.8 EUR million |
Key figures
Each figure links to the page it came from.
| Figure | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| The EU imported €291.5 million of products under CN code 44029000 (Wood charcoal, incl. shell or nut charcoal, whether or not agglomerated) from outside the EU in 2025. | 291.5 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Extra-EU imports of CN 44029000 were up 13% in 2025 compared with 2020 (€257.6 million), calculated from Eurostat values. | +13 % change | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 44029000 to countries outside the EU were worth €38.3 million in 2025. | 38.3 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Trade between EU member states in CN 44029000 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €173.5 million in 2025. | 173.5 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Ukraine was the largest non-EU supplier of CN 44029000 to the EU in 2025, with €68.2 million, or 23% of extra-EU imports. | 68.2 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 44029000 to the United States were €4.9 million in 2025. | 4.9 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The average value of extra-EU imports of CN 44029000 was €0.52 per kilogram in 2025, calculated from Eurostat value and weight. | 0.52 EUR per kg | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Poland was the largest EU exporter of CN 44029000 to non-EU countries in 2025, at €12.1 million. | 12.1 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The EU had 1,920 enterprises in NACE class C2014 (Manufacture of other organic basic chemicals) in 2023. | 1,920 enterprises | 2023 | Eurostat |
| NACE class C2014 employed 210,000 people across the EU in 2023. | 210,000 persons employed | 2023 | Eurostat |
| The US had 160 private establishments in NAICS 324199 (All other petroleum and coal products manufacturing) in 2025. | 160 establishments | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| NAICS 324199 employed an average of 4,703 people in US private industry in 2025. | 4,703 jobs | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| US employment in NAICS 324199 changed by -4% between 2020 (4,890 jobs) and 2025, calculated from BLS figures. | -4 % change | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| Average annual pay in US NAICS 324199 was $99,040 in 2025. | 99,040 USD per year | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
What the full report covers
- 1
Executive summary
The answer on two pages: size, growth and what drives it.
- 2
Market size and outlook
History, the current year and a five-year view with base, low and high cases.
- 3
Segments and regions
Splits by product, buyer and geography across the US, Europe and MEA.
- 4
Company profiles
The main players, how they compete and where they are investing.
- 5
Data and method
Every figure in Excel, with the sources and assumptions behind it.
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the European Union market - 03Market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 05Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 06Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 07Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 08Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 09Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 10Method and sources
Every assumption and source, listed
Included with the full report
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- Excel data pack
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- Method note and assumptions
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Frequently asked questions
How big is the EU biochar market?
There is no single official market total. Eurostat trade data shows the EU imported €291.5 million of goods under CN 44029000 from outside the EU in 2025 and exported €38.3 million.
Where does the EU import biochar from?
Ukraine was the largest non-EU supplier in 2025. The next largest were Namibia, Cuba, Nigeria.
What is the average import price of biochar in the EU?
Dividing Eurostat import value by weight gives about €0.52 per kilogram for CN 44029000 in 2025.
Which EU countries export the most biochar?
Poland led EU exports to non-EU countries in 2025, followed by Netherlands, Spain.
How many US companies are in the biochar industry?
BLS counts 160 private establishments in NAICS 324199 (All other petroleum and coal products manufacturing), the closest official industry.
How many EU companies are in the biochar industry?
Eurostat counts 1,920 enterprises in NACE class C2014 (Manufacture of other organic basic chemicals).
Sources and method
The figures on this page come from the public sources listed below. Read how we work.
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 44029000, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 291451040
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 44029000, flow import, 2020 VALUE_IN_EUROS 257573856; 2025 VALUE_IN_EUROS 291451040
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 44029000, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 38270830
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 44029000, partner INT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 173516869
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 44029000, partner UA, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 68155684
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 44029000, partner US, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 4928430
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 44029000, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 291451040, QUANTITY_IN_100KG 5577501
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter PL, product 44029000, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 12067989
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2014, indic_sbs ENT_NR, 2023, 1920
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2014, indic_sbs EMP_NR, 2023, 210000
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 324199, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 324199, annual_avg_estabs 160
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 324199, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 324199, annual_avg_emplvl 4703
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 324199, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2020 annual_avg_emplvl 4890; 2025 annual_avg_emplvl 4703
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 324199, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 324199, avg_annual_pay 99040
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