From 18 February 2027, every EV battery, LMT battery and industrial battery above 2 kWh sold in the EU needs a digital battery passport, whatever country it was made in.
Why this market is moving now
- The battery passport becomes mandatory for EV, LMT and large industrial batteries sold in the EU on 18 February 2027.
- The EU passport registry was scheduled to go live on 20 July 2026.
- Global EV battery deployment grew almost 30% in 2025 to 1.2 TWh, so more batteries fall in scope each year.
- China made over 80% of the world's battery cells in 2025, so most passports will be issued for batteries built outside the EU.
Key figures
Global figures for this market, with the year each one describes. Use Cite to copy a reference to this page.
| Figure | Value | Year | Cite |
|---|---|---|---|
| Global electric vehicle battery deployment reached 1.2 TWh in 2025, almost 30% more than in 2024 and more than seven times the 2020 level. | 1.2 TWh | 2025 | |
| Electric vehicles accounted for more than 70% of global battery deployment in 2025, down from almost 80% in 2024. | 70 % of global battery deployment (more than) | 2025 | |
| Global EV battery deployment is expected to reach almost 3 TWh by 2030 under both current and stated policy settings. | 3 TWh (almost) | 2030 | |
| China accounted for over 80% of global battery cell production in 2025. | 80 % of world battery cell output (over) | 2025 | |
| Global electric car sales grew 20% to more than 20 million in 2025, one in four new cars sold. | 20 million cars (more than) | 2025 | |
| From 18 February 2027, each LMT battery, each industrial battery above 2 kWh and each electric vehicle battery placed on the EU market must carry a battery passport, wherever it was made. | 2 kWh (industrial battery threshold) | 2027 | |
| The EU digital product passport registry was set to become operational on 20 July 2026, ahead of the battery passport becoming mandatory on 18 February 2027. | 18 February 2027 | 2027 | |
| Global battery demand is set to increase 14 times by 2030, and the EU could account for 17% of that demand. | 17 % of global battery demand (EU) | 2030 | |
| A 2025 amending regulation postponed the battery due diligence obligations, first due from 18 August 2025, by two years. | 2 years | 2025 | |
| Traceability vendor Circulor has issued more than 624,000 digital product passports worldwide. | 624,000 passports (more than) | 2026 |
Calculated figures (shares, changes and prices per kilogram) are plain arithmetic on the reported values. Read how we work.
Companies to watch
Circulor
Traceability vendor that has issued more than 624,000 digital product passports.
Minespider
Offers digital battery passports aimed at EU Battery Regulation compliance (
Circularise
Traceability vendor with a battery passport use case (
Battery Pass consortium
Runs a 'Battery Pass Ready' programme with a test environment for passport solutions (
What the full report covers
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the global market - 03Global market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Countries and regions
Demand, supply and trade by country and region - 05Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 06Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 07Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 08Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 09Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 10Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 11Method and assumptions
How every figure was built
Included with the full report
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- Excel data pack
- Ready-to-use charts
- Method note and assumptions
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Frequently asked questions
How many batteries need a battery passport?
Global EV battery deployment reached 1.2 TWh in 2025. Every EV battery, LMT battery and industrial battery above 2 kWh sold in the EU needs a passport from 18 February 2027.
When does the battery passport become mandatory?
The battery passport becomes mandatory for relevant battery categories placed on the EU market on 18 February 2027. The passport registry was set to start on 20 July 2026.
Which countries make the batteries that need passports?
China accounted for over 80% of global battery cell production in 2025. Batteries made anywhere need a passport when sold in the EU.
How fast is battery demand growing?
EV battery deployment grew almost 30% in 2025 to 1.2 TWh and is expected to reach almost 3 TWh by 2030. Global battery demand is set to rise 14 times by 2030.
Has the battery passport been delayed?
No change to the 18 February 2027 passport date was found. A 2025 regulation did postpone the separate battery due diligence obligations by two years.
Who provides battery passport software?
Vendors include Circulor, which has issued more than 624,000 digital product passports, plus Minespider and Circularise.
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