What this market covers
Heat pumps that draw heat from outdoor air to warm buildings and water, and many also cool in summer. Buyers are homeowners, builders and commercial property owners.
Typical segments
- Air to air units
- Air to water units
- Hot water heat pumps
- Commercial units
Source: Eurostat
Why this market is moving now
- Extra-EU import value moved +64% from 2020 to 2025, a direct read on EU demand for sourced supply.
- Supply is concentrated: one country provided a large share of extra-EU imports in 2025.
- US employment in the core industry shifted +14% since 2020.
Key figures
Each figure names the source it came from. Open the source list below to read the quoted line.
| Figure | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| The EU imported €746.9 million of products under CN code 84186100 (Heat pumps) from outside the EU in 2025. | 746.9 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Extra-EU imports of CN 84186100 were up 64% in 2025 compared with 2020 (€454.6 million), calculated from Eurostat values. | +64 % change | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 84186100 to countries outside the EU were worth €592.4 million in 2025. | 592.4 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Trade between EU member states in CN 84186100 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €2.58 billion in 2025. | 2.58 EUR billion | 2025 | Eurostat |
| China was the largest non-EU supplier of CN 84186100 to the EU in 2025, with €496.7 million, or 67% of extra-EU imports. | 496.7 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 84186100 to the United States were €27.3 million in 2025. | 27.3 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The average value of extra-EU imports of CN 84186100 was €12.58 per kilogram in 2025, calculated from Eurostat value and weight. | 12.58 EUR per kg | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Germany was the largest EU exporter of CN 84186100 to non-EU countries in 2025, at €162.1 million. | 162.1 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The EU had 7,055 enterprises in NACE class C2825 (Manufacture of non-domestic cooling and ventilation equipment) in 2023. | 7,055 enterprises | 2023 | Eurostat |
| EU enterprises in NACE class C2825 had net turnover of €66.00 billion in 2023. | 66.00 EUR billion | 2023 | Eurostat |
| NACE class C2825 employed 240,000 people across the EU in 2023. | 240,000 persons employed | 2023 | Eurostat |
| The US had 1,617 private establishments in NAICS 333415 (Air-conditioning and warm air heating equipment and commercial and industrial refrigeration equipment manufacturing) in 2025. | 1,617 establishments | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| NAICS 333415 employed an average of 101,182 people in US private industry in 2025. | 101,182 jobs | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| US employment in NAICS 333415 changed by +14% between 2020 (88,421 jobs) and 2025, calculated from BLS figures. | +14 % change | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| Average annual pay in US NAICS 333415 was $75,703 in 2025. | 75,703 USD per year | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
Sources and method
The figures on this page come from the public sources listed below. Read how we work.
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 1
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84186100, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 746855167
- Figure 2
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84186100, flow import, 2020 VALUE_IN_EUROS 454571771; 2025 VALUE_IN_EUROS 746855167
- Figure 3
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84186100, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 592412604
- Figure 4
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84186100, partner INT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 2583931476
- Figure 5
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84186100, partner CN, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 496714981
- Figure 6
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84186100, partner US, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 27283651
- Figure 7
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 84186100, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 746855167, QUANTITY_IN_100KG 593559
- Figure 1
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 8
DS-045409, reporter DE, product 84186100, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 162061242
- Figure 8
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 9
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2825, indic_sbs ENT_NR, 2023, 7055
- Figure 10
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2825, indic_sbs NETTUR_MEUR, 2023, 66000
- Figure 11
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2825, indic_sbs EMP_NR, 2023, 240000
- Figure 9
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 333415, 2025 (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 12
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 333415, annual_avg_estabs 1617
- Figure 13
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 333415, annual_avg_emplvl 101182
- Figure 14
QCEW 2020 annual_avg_emplvl 88421; 2025 annual_avg_emplvl 101182
- Figure 15
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 333415, avg_annual_pay 75703
- Figure 12
Buyers and suppliers
Who buys
- Homeowners
- Builders and installers
- Property owners
Large non-EU suppliers to the EU
What the full report covers
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the European Union market - 03Market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 05Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 06Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 07Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 08Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 09Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 10Method and sources
Every assumption and source, listed
Included with the full report
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- Method note and assumptions
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Frequently asked questions
How big is the EU air source heat pump market?
There is no single official market total. Eurostat trade data shows the EU imported €746.9 million of goods under CN 84186100 from outside the EU in 2025 and exported €592.4 million.
Where does the EU import air source heat pump from?
China was the largest non-EU supplier in 2025. Other large suppliers included Switzerland, Türkiye, United Kingdom.
What is the average import price of air source heat pump in the EU?
Dividing Eurostat import value by weight gives about €12.58 per kilogram for CN 84186100 in 2025.
Which EU countries export the most air source heat pump?
Germany led EU exports to non-EU countries in 2025, followed by Italy, France.
How many US companies are in the air source heat pump industry?
BLS counts 1,617 private establishments in NAICS 333415 (Air-conditioning and warm air heating equipment and commercial and industrial refrigeration equipment manufacturing), the closest official industry.
How many EU companies are in the air source heat pump industry?
Eurostat counts 7,055 enterprises in NACE class C2825 (Manufacture of non-domestic cooling and ventilation equipment).
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